Linux Installation

Created by NTUgEEk

Choose Distro

  • Ubuntu
  • Mint
  • Arch

Arch Linux


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  • 簡潔
  • 漸進式升級
  • 活躍的社群

Some Preparation

Virtual Box

https://www.virtualbox.org/

Arch Linux ISO

https://www.archlinux.org/download/

Virtualbox Settings

  1. Add new virtual machine
  2. Choose Linux/Arch Linux
  3. Set appropriate RAM, Disk size...
  4. Launch with Arch Linux ISO

Network checking


$ ping google.com -c 3

PING google.com (64.233.187.102) 56(84) bytes of data
64 bytes from ...
64 bytes from ...

Partition Disk


$ lsblk

NAME   MAJ:MIN RM   SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda      8:0    0    64G  0 disk 
...

$ cfdisk /dev/sda
# Select dos

Disk Partition

Remember to [Write] the partition!

Make FS 


$ mkfs.ext4 /dev/sda1
$ mkswap /dev/sda2
$ swapon /dev/sda2

$ mount /dev/sda1 /mnt

Pacman Settings 


$ vim /etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist
# or try
$ nano /etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist

Search for Taiwan's server, and put it on the top.

For Vim, type /Taiwan to search, n to find next. dd to cut. gg to go to the begining. j to move down. p to paste. :w to save file.

Start Installing! 


$ pacstrap /mnt base base-devel gvim git
$ genfstab -U -p /mnt >> /mnt/etc/fstab

Chroot


$ arch-chroot /mnt /bin/bash

# From now on [...] means you may have to tweak it!
$ echo [your hostname] > /etc/hostname
$ passwd
# Set a password. It is recommend not to use your
# usual password, since you will set user password
# later!
$ systemctl enable dhcpcd
# For network after reboot.

Grub install


$ pacman -S grub
...
Packages (1) grub-1:2.02.beta2-5
...
$ grub-install /dev/sda --recheck
Installing for i386-pc platform.
Installation finished. No error reported.
$ grub-mkconfig -o /boot/grub/grub.cfg
$ exit
$ poweroff

Nearly Done!

Remove the ISO.

Congrads!

Date Settings


$ timedatectl set-timezone Asia/Taipei
$ date
Sat Oct 17 23:51:41 CST 2015

Locale Settings


$ vim /etc/locale.gen
# Uncomment en_US.UTF-8 zh_TW.UTF-8
$ locale-gen
Generating locales...
  en_US.UTF-8... done
  zh_TW.UTF-8... done
Generation complete.
Be carefull of Underscore _ and dash -

In vim, / to search, 0 to go to the begining of line, x to delete a character.

Locale Settings


$ vim /etc/locale.conf
# add LANG=en_US.UTF-8
$ export LANG=en_US.UTF-8
$ locale
LANG=en_US.UTF-8
In vim, i to enter insert mode, esc to exit insert mode.

User Settings


$ useradd -m -g users -G wheel -s /bin/bash [your user name]
$ passwd [your user name]
$ visudo
# Uncomment %wheel ALL=(ALL) ALL

VirtualBox Settings


$ pacman -S virtualbox-guest-utils
$ modprobe -a vboxguest vboxsf vboxvideo
$ vim /etc/modules-load.d/virtualbox.conf
# Add the following 3 lines
# vboxguest
# vboxsf
# vboxvideo

Desktop Settings

We recommend Gnome.

Of course, feel free to try other cool desktop (Ex: KDE..).

Gnome install


$ pacman -S gnome
$ systemctl enable gdm

Yes, that simple.

Gnome install